What is the difference between OSI and TCP/IP model?
TCP/IP and OSI are the two most widely used communication network models. If there are no common protocols for transmitting and receiving data packets, data exchanges between various networks are impossible.
These regulations are known as protocols, and one of the most extensively used is TCP/ IP.
TCP/IP, or Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, is a set of communication protocols for connecting network devices to the Internet.
The Open Systems Interconnection Model, or OSI Model, on the other hand, is a conceptual framework for describing how a network works.
We’ll go through some of the similarities and differences between them later in the section.
What Is OSI Model?
OSI stands for Open Source Interconnect. In 1978, ISO (International Standard Organization) introduced the OSI model.
It is a conceptual model developed by the International Organization that identifies and standardizes various software and hardware components that affect how information is processed in a network.
It has a vertical arrangement of seven levels, each of which serves a particular purpose. Each layer’s function is determined by the output of the previous layer. The different layers with function of each are listed below.
| Layer | Layer Name | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Layer 7 | Application Layer | Allow access to network resources |
| Layer 6 | Presentation Layer | Confirms that the data is in a usable format |
| Layer 5 | Session Layer | Used for controlling ports and sessions |
| Layer 4 | Transport Layer | Process message and error delivery |
| Layer 3 | Network Layer | Moves packet from source to destination |
| Layer 2 | Data Link Layer | Defines the data format in the network |
| Layer 1 | Physical Layer | Transmit the bit over the physical medium |
The data is transported via the network after it is received at the last layer of the OSI architecture. The process will be reversed after the data has been received on the opposite side.
The OSI model (System Interconnection) is now solely used as a reference model for teaching computer networking fundamentals and understanding how computers work.
What Is TCP/IP Model?
TCP/IP stands for Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. It is the most widely used networking protocol paradigm. It was created as a method to provide a highly stable and end-to-end byte stream over an unreliable internet connection.
The Department of Defense (DoD) project agency created TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)/ IP (Internet Protocol) protocol.
TCP/IP has only four layers, unlike the OSI model. They are listed below with function of each.
| Layer | Layer Name | Functions |
|---|---|---|
| Layer 4 | Application Layer | Responsible for allowing access to the network resources |
| Layer 3 | Transport Layer | Process message delivery of message and error. |
| Layer 2 | Internet Layer | Used for forwarding datagrams between host and across networks. |
| Layer 1 | Network Layer | Defines how data is physically sent through the network. |
TCP is in charge of storing data that will be sent over the network, whereas IP is in charge of generating an address for each packet so that it can be sent to its intended destination.
The Internet Protocols are the set of rules that govern network communication. TCP/IP is regarded as a reliable networking protocol. TCP, UDP, ARP, DNS, HTTP, ICMP, and other protocols are part of the TCP/IP protocol suite.
Difference Between OSI And TCP/IP Model: OSI VS TCP/IP
| OSI Model | VS | TCP/IP Model |
|---|---|---|
| Open Systems Interconnection. | Stands For | Transfer Control Protocol/Internet protocol |
| It is a network communication protocol based on standard protocols that allows hosts to connect over a network. | Used For | It is a structured model that deals with how a network works. |
| 7 Layers | Layer | 4 Layers |
| Horizontal | Approach | Vertical |
| 5 bytes | Header size | 7 bytes |
| The International Organization of Standardization (ISO) introduced the OSI model in 1984. (ISO) | Recognition | The TCP/IP concept became ARPANET’s standard language in 1982. |
| Independent to protocol | Protocol Dependency | Protocol dependent |
| Connection-oriented data transfer. | Data Transfer | Connection-oriented and connection-less data transfer. |
| Less reliable | Reliability | More reliable |
| Rarely used | Usefulness | Mostly used |
| ISO (International Standard Organization) | Developed by | Department of Defense (DoD) |
Conclusion
We’ve looked at the difference between the OSI and TCP/IP models. Both are reference models with their own set of advantages and disadvantages. TCP/IP is commonly used to transmit data via the internet from start to finish. So, we may conclude that the TCP/IP Model outperforms the OSI Model in terms of reliability.
- References: www.imperva.com
- References: en.wikipedia.org
- References: favpng.com